La captura de el Chapo Guzmán, líder del cártel de Sinaloa y el capo más buscado del mundo, pone al Mayo Zambada, presunto socio de dicha banda, en un rol de liderazgo en el narcotráfico mexicano, según analistas y funcionarios mexicanos.
Las autoridades mexicanas sostienen que Ismael ‘Mayo’ Zambada es conocido por mantener un perfil bajo, además de venir de una generación de capos menos violentos y sanguinarios de lo que es hoy en día la nueva generación. El Mayo ha sido considerado el mentor de Joaquín ‘Chapo’ Guzmán, que fue condenado por tráfico de drogas en 1993 y se escapó de la cárcel en 2001 tras cumplir la mitad de una condena de 20 años. Luego de pasar más de una década huyendo de la justicia, Guzmán se encuentra en la actualidad en una prisión de máxima seguridad tras ser detenido el sábado pasado en México.
Un capo discreto, menos violento, pero con poder
Según una publicación del diario estadounidense ‘The Wall Street Journal’, el futuro del cártel de Sinaloa depende en gran medida de si Zambada, de 66 años, será capaz de ordenar esta banda del crimen organizado que opera en todo el mundo. Varios analistas aseguran que el Mayo ha sobrevivido y prosperado durante décadas a través de vínculos con una gran variedad de organizaciones de tráfico.
“[El Mayo no se encuentra en el] centro de atención, no ha sido perseguido por los medios de comunicación, es un líder con fuerte capacidad de decisión, visión estratégica y un perfil más discreto que el Chapo”, indicó Guillermo Valdés, que se desempeñó como jefe de Inteligencia de México entre 2007 y 2011.
George Grayson, experto en el narcotráfico mexicano, considera que una de las claves para la supervivencia de Zambada (a quien EE.UU. acusa de mover grandes cantidades de cocaína, marihuana y heroína) ha sido el uso relativamente restringido que ha hecho de la violencia y sus constantes esfuerzos por mantener la paz.
El futuro del narcotráfico en México
‘The Wall Street Journal’ apunta que cárteles como los Zetas, La Familia y los Caballeros Templarios se han involucrado en guerras sangrientas que los han debilitado y los que quedan no son rivales para el cártel de Sinaloa. Mientras, no todos los analistas coinciden en que Zambada sea el indicado para llenar el vacío que dejó el Chapo, debido a que tiene 66 años y su estado de salud no es bueno.
Por otro lado, algunos expertos creen que el logro del presidente mexicano, Enrique Peña Nieto, tras la captura de Guzmán puede ser de corta duración si Zambada es desafiado por los lugartenientes más jóvenes o rivales que pueden ver en la captura de Guzmán la oportunidad de hacerse cargo de las rutas de la droga.
Pase lo que pase, Bruce Bagley, experto en América Latina y el tráfico de drogas, cree que habrá un fuerte aumento de la violencia en América Central. “Los campos de la muerte en Centroamérica serán más sangrientos”, puntualizó.
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